Python code that demonstrates how to add two Roman numerals and return the Roman numeral representation of the sum.
Code Generator | 1 week ago
Roman numerals are a numeric system that originated in ancient Rome. While they are no longer commonly used in everyday life, they still hold historical and cultural significance. In this article, we will explore how to write a Python program that adds two Roman numerals and returns the Roman numeral representation of the sum.
Understanding Roman Numerals
Before we dive into the code, let's briefly review the rules for Roman numerals:
- The Roman numeral system uses seven symbols: I, V, X, L, C, D, and M, which represent the values 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, and 1000, respectively.
- The symbols can be combined to represent other values. For example, II represents 2, III represents 3, and IV represents 4.
- When a smaller symbol appears before a larger symbol, it is subtracted from the larger symbol. For example, IV represents 4 (5 - 1) and IX represents 9 (10 - 1).
Converting Roman Numerals to Integers
The first step in our program is to convert the Roman numerals to integers. We can achieve this by defining a function called roman_to_int
that takes a Roman numeral as input and returns the corresponding integer value.
def roman_to_int(roman): roman_dict = {'I': 1, 'V': 5, 'X': 10, 'L': 50, 'C': 100, 'D': 500, 'M': 1000} result = 0 for i in range(len(roman)): if i > 0 and roman_dict[roman[i]] > roman_dict[roman[i - 1]]: result += roman_dict[roman[i]] - 2 * roman_dict[roman[i - 1]] else: result += roman_dict[roman[i]] return result
The roman_to_int
function uses a dictionary to map each Roman numeral symbol to its corresponding integer value. It then iterates over the input Roman numeral and calculates the integer value by adding or subtracting the appropriate values based on the rules of Roman numerals.
Converting Integers to Roman Numerals
Once we have converted the Roman numerals to integers, we need to add them together and convert the sum back to a Roman numeral. To achieve this, we define another function called int_to_roman
that takes an integer as input and returns the corresponding Roman numeral.
def int_to_roman(num): val = [1000, 900, 500, 400, 100, 90, 50, 40, 10, 9, 5, 4, 1] syms = ['M', 'CM', 'D', 'CD', 'C', 'XC', 'L', 'XL', 'X', 'IX', 'V', 'IV', 'I'] roman_num = '' i = 0 while num > 0: for _ in range(num // val[i]): roman_num += syms[i] num -= val[i] i += 1 return roman_num
The int_to_roman
function uses two lists: val
and syms
. The val
list contains the integer values in descending order, while the syms
list contains the corresponding Roman numeral symbols. The function then iterates over the val
list and appends the corresponding symbols to the roman_num
string based on the quotient of the division between the input integer and the current value in the val
list.
Adding Roman Numerals
With the conversion functions in place, we can now define the romanAdder
function that adds two Roman numerals and returns the Roman numeral representation of the sum.
def romanAdder(num1, num2): int_sum = roman_to_int(num1) + roman_to_int(num2) if int_sum >= 4000: raise ValueError('Sum exceeds 4000 which is not supported for this program.') roman_sum = int_to_roman(int_sum) return roman_sum
The romanAdder
function takes two Roman numerals as input, converts them to integers using the roman_to_int
function, adds the integers together, and then converts the sum back to a Roman numeral using the int_to_roman
function. If the sum exceeds 4000, the function raises a ValueError
since it is not supported by the program.
Main Function
Finally, we define the main
function, which serves as the entry point of our program. It prompts the user to enter two Roman numerals, calls the romanAdder
function to calculate the sum, and then displays the result.
def main(): num1 = input('Enter the first Roman numeral: ') num2 = input('Enter the second Roman numeral: ') result = romanAdder(num1, num2) print(f'The sum of {num1} and {num2} is: {result}')if __name__ == '__main__': main()
Example Usage
Let's say we want to add the Roman numerals MMCMI and CIII. We can run the program and enter the following inputs:
Enter the first Roman numeral: MMCMIEnter the second Roman numeral: CIII
The program will then calculate the sum and display the result:
The sum of MMCMI and CIII is: MMMIV
Conclusion
In this article, we have learned how to write a Python program that adds two Roman numerals and returns the Roman numeral representation of the sum. We explored the conversion of Roman numerals to integers and vice versa, as well as the addition of Roman numerals. This program can be useful in various scenarios where Roman numeral arithmetic is required, such as historical research or educational purposes. Feel free to modify and expand upon the program to suit your specific needs!
This article was generated with AI. AI can make mistakes, consider checking important information.
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